Land loans do exist, cash is not the only option, but they work differently from a typical home mortgage.
A few general characteristics of land lending:
- Lenders: land loans typically come from local or regional banks and credit unions rather than the large national mortgage lenders that dominate residential financing.
- Down payment: land loans generally require a larger down payment than a home mortgage, since lenders view raw land as higher risk.
- Terms: shorter terms and sometimes higher rates than a comparable home mortgage are common, reflecting that same risk profile.
- Loan availability by land type: improved land with utilities and access tends to be easier to finance than raw, undeveloped land, since it's viewed as lower risk.
Because loan availability and terms vary significantly by lender, by property type, and by location, the only reliable way to know what's actually available for a specific parcel is to talk directly with a local lender. General estimates and rules of thumb won't reflect what a particular bank or credit union is actually willing to offer on a given piece of land.
For anything beyond this general overview, a local lender experienced in land loans is the right resource, and for how a specific loan structure interacts with someone's broader financial picture, a conversation with a CPA can help round out the decision.